自由式滑雪空中技巧运动员运动知觉能力的实验研究     

张文才 《吉林体育学院学报》2014,30(5):67-71

本研究以我国自由式滑雪空中技巧运动员为实验对象,通过实验设计有计划地对速度知觉、深度知觉、本体感觉、综合性知觉、平衡知觉进行专项知觉能力提高训练,对比分析实验前后不同性别运动员运动知觉能力的发展特点。研究表明:通过运动知觉能力训练,男运动员本体感觉和平衡知觉提高显著,女运动员本体感觉和速度知觉提高显著,实验前男运动员深度知觉和速度知觉好于女运动员,实验后男运动员本体感觉提高幅度大于女运动员。  相似文献   

Ethnic Persistence: Towards Understanding the Lived Experiences of Pacific Island Athletes in the National Rugby League     

Lameko Panapa  Murray Phillips 《国际体育史杂志》2014,31(11):1374-1388

The emergence of Pacific Island (PI) ethnicities in the National Rugby League (NRL) over the past 18 years is widely acknowledged. At present, participants who have PI or Maori heritage represent 38% of the NRL's senior roster plus 37% at the National Youth Competition (NYC) level. This paper will examine the complex personal and ethnic biographies, and the process through which these athletes create their identities as a minority group within the culture of professional rugby league. In particular, the theoretical concept of ethnic persistence provides a way to understand the identity formation of PI athletes currently in the NRL. Rather than being assimilated into Western culture, the cultural discourses that are inextricably linked to ethnic PI identities are crucial to understanding the experiences of footballers in the NRL. The experiences of the footballers, characterised by a lack of understanding and acknowledgement of PI traditions, suggest that national identities, rivalries and conflict that have shaped the history of these island nations are overridden in favour of common traits, experiences and heritage.  相似文献   

United in Protest: From ‘Living and Dying with Our Colours’ to ‘Let All the Colours of the World Unite’     

Itir Erhart 《国际体育史杂志》2014,31(14):1724-1738

Istanbul's ‘Big Three’ football clubs, Be?ikta?, Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray, dominate the Turkish Super League. The matches between these fiercely rival teams, also known as ‘derbies’, are often intense and culminate in the eruption of violence, which has even been fatal on occasion. To many people's surprise, the anti-government protests which were sparked by outrage over police action against environmental protestors in May 2013 brought these eternal rivals together. Thousands of Be?ikta?, Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray supporters marched arm-in-arm to Taksim Square and demanded justice and freedom. Out of this solidarity is born Istanbul United, a seemingly new fan group with a new logo that combines the three rival logos. Çar??, the legendary fan group of Be?ikta?, also played an important role in the protests and received the support of all football fans as well. This paper will focus on the politicisation of football in Turkey during the second half of 2013. By looking at both the political role of football fans of the ‘Big Three’ during and after the Gezi protests, and the ways in which mutual respect and solidarity is born among diverse protesters, this paper discusses the possibilities of translating this positive genre to a peaceful spectatorship in Turkish football.  相似文献   

The Female Vikings,a Women's Fan Group in Denmark: Formation and Development in the Context of Football and Fan Histories     

Svenja-Maria Mintert  Gertrud Pfister 《国际体育史杂志》2014,31(13):1639-1655

Traditionally, football and fandom have been male domains and celebrations of masculinity. So far there has been some sociological and historical research on women's football; however, little is known about women's fandom, in particular about its formation and development. This article focuses on the historical development of a Danish women-only fan group called ‘The Female Vikings’, which support a professional football club, Lyngby Boldklub (BK), in a city north of Copenhagen. The article explores the backgrounds and motivations of female fans, as well as their ways of staging femininity in a man's world. Drawing on available information about football and fans in Denmark, we have reconstructed the developments of both Lyngby BK and its supporters. Special focus was placed on the histories and cultures as well as the experiences of female fans in this club. Insights into the foundation of the women's fan group were provided by problem-centred interviews which also contained open questions. The foundation and activities of the Female Vikings show how women can perform gender in the fan's stands and how they play a significant role in the fan movement. The interviews also reveal the loyalty of the female fans during the club's ‘crisis’ and their ‘collective memories’.  相似文献   

World Cup Football as a Catalyst for Change: Exploring the Lives of Women in Qatar's First National Football Team – A Case Study     

Kelly Knez  Tansin Benn  Sara Alkhaldi 《国际体育史杂志》2014,31(14):1755-1773

In 2012, five Qatari women participated in a qualitative research study, which aimed to explore the negotiation of opportunity to be members of Qatar's first national women's football team. Qatar is a conservative Islamic country which is experiencing rapid modernisation. Part of this modernisation includes the increasing visibility of sport, for example the successful bid for the 2022 men's Football World Cup. In response to this bid, the first Qatari women's national football team was established in 2011. The project was positioned within a social constructivist framework. Five out of 12 squad members, over the age of 18, volunteered to participate in semi-structured interviews. Interview questions probed the women's experiences and influences on their opportunities and journey to membership in the national team. From a thematic analysis, issues such as the management of gender norms and the influence of significant others dominated the data. This research indicated that the women's agency enabled them to manage their situation with a range of strategies and to change attitudes towards women footballers. The winning of the bid to host the men's World Cup has been a catalyst for change in making spaces for Qatari sportswomen.  相似文献   

国内部分待安置退役运动员现状调查及孤独感、生活满意度分析     

孟庆方 《山东体育学院学报》2014,(5)

运用文献资料法、问卷调查法对2011年度国内部分省市的待安置退役运动员生活现状及其孤独感及生活满意度进行抽样调查分析。结果发现：有29%的运动员在退役5年后尚未找到合适的工作,有超过10%的退役运动员月收入低于1000元,退役运动员医疗、失业、工伤、养老保险参与率不足,社会保障不够完备。待安置退役运动员整体文化水平较低,缺乏对自身优势的认知;整体社会化程度普遍较低,且缺乏实现及时转型的动力和勇气。退役后心理落差较大,心理孤独感增强,而生活满意度呈下降趋势。受调查退役运动员自身发展动力不足,亟待得到更有力的政策支持及社会扶助。  相似文献   

由我国“足球学校”的兴衰引发的思考     

张鲲  王鑫鑫 《辽宁体育科技》2014,(3):13-15

采用文献资料法、逻辑推理法对足球学校的兴起以及衰落原因进行分析。结果表明:我国"足球学校"兴起的原因包括国家政策导向、经济利益的驱动、职业足球的吸引力和广泛的群众基础以及巨大的人才缺口;衰落的原因包括社会定位偏颇、自我定位错误、自我管理机制不健全以及自负盈亏的发展模式。继而从主客观两个方面进行思考、分析并提出建议。  相似文献   

基于“恒大现象”对中国职业足球的研究     

陈静飞  石歌  王昭 《体育科学研究》2014,(2):69-71

文章采用文献资料法对恒大俱乐部经营管理模式以及资本运作方式进行分析研究,结果表明:恒大俱乐部在中国足球职业化道路上的发展是成功的,它加速了职业化足球进程的发展,是摸索具有中国特色的职业足球改革之道的探路者,对中国足球发展具有推动作用。建议:发挥恒大俱乐部经营管理的经验,让它的经验效应渗透到中国足球的发展之路上,这才是最现实问题。  相似文献   

校园足球教练员发展现状与培养模式探析     

杜放  刘健松  杨佳森 《四川体育科学》2014,(3):130-132

运用文献资料法、专家访谈法,就吉林地区校园足球发展的现状以及吉林体育学院足球专业教练员培养方面存在的问题进行深入的讨论和剖析,并提出了吉林体育学院足球专业人才培养应该配合吉林地区教练员的需求进行调整,应该设置专门的校园足球教练员培养方向,这样才能保证吉林地区校园足球科学有效的持续发展。  相似文献   

中国足球裁判员发展现状与对策研究     

宋琦  张春合 《安徽体育科技》2014,(5):7-9

足球裁判员是足球比赛的督促检查执行者,裁判水平的高低对足球竞赛工作的顺利进行具有举足轻重的作用。系统分析当前中国足球裁判队伍存在裁判人口少、执法水平较低、裁判培训机制落后等现状问题,并提出相应的对策和合理化建议,以期为中国足球裁判员的水平提升提供一些理论参考。  相似文献